Compositions containing novel chlorocyanurate compounds



United States 3,256,199 Patented June 14, 1966 ice 3,256,199 COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING NOVEL CHLOROCYANURATE COMPOUNDS William F. Symes, Webster Groves, Mo., assignor to Monsanto Company, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Original application .Iune 21, 1960, Ser. No. 37,565, new Patent No. 3,150,132, dated Sept. 22, 1964. Divided and this application Dec. 10, 1963, Ser. No. 329,393

9 Claims. (Cl. 252-99) vention also relates to formulations or compositions containing such compounds which formulations or compositions have improved stability relative to retention of available chlorine, and which are useful, for example, in bleaching, sterilizing, oxidizing and disinfecting operatrons.

Chattaway and Wadmore in the Journal of the Chemical Society, vol. 81 pages 200-202 (1902), point out that trichloroiminocyanuric acid (also known as trichloro-.

cyanuric acid or trichloroisocyanuric acid) can be prepared by dissolving cyanuric acid in the theoretical quantity of a 5 percent solution of caustic potash and passing a rapid stream of chlorine through the liquid cooled to C. This article further discloses that trichloroiminocyanuric acid separates as a heavy, white crystalline powder which is obtained perfectly pure by washing a few times with Water and drying rapidly on a Water bath, and when using about 3 grams of cyanuric acid, a yield of more than 90 percent of the theoretical is obtained. If a larger quantity than this be used or the temperature be allowed to rise, the yield is much diminished and the product is more or less impure.

Hardy in US. Patent 2,607,738 and Re. 24,4'12 teaches in column 3, lines 71, through column 4, line 8, that trichlorocyanuric acid is prepared by dissolving cyanuric acid in the theoretical quantity of a 5% solution of caustic potash or soda and treating the resulting solution with chlorine until 3 atoms of the alkali have been substituted by chlorine.

The novel class of complex compounds containing potassium and available chlorine and compositions containing these compounds was also disclosed in part in my copending application for Letters Patent Serial No. 37,565, filed in the US. Patent Ofiice on June 21, 1960, and is now United States Patent 3,150,132. The disclosure contained in the present application should be taken in conjunction with said application for Letters Patent Serial No. 37,565 and considered as a division of said application.

It is one object of the present invention to provide novel anhydrous crystalline, potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate complex compounds and mixtures thereof and characterized in having distinct, available chlorine contents and in having utility in bleaching, sterilizing or disinfecting operations.

It is another object of this invention to provide processes for producing such novel compounds and mixtures thereof.

It is a further object of this invention to provide formulations and compositions containing these compounds and mixtures thereof which formulations and compositions have exceptional stability with reference to retention of available chlorine, and which are useful, for example for bleaching, sterilizing, or disinfecting purposes.

The present invention is concerned, in part, with novel, anhydrous, crystalline potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate complex compounds and mixtures thereof which can be obtained, for example, according to one embodiment of this invention by bringing together and reacting trichloroisocyanuric acid and mon-opotassium dichloroisocyanur ate in certain molecular proportions and under conditions which will be described hereinafter. The novel compounds of this invention and mixtures thereof can also be obtained when tripotassium cyanurate is continuously chlorinated under certain specific pH and temperature conditions which will be described in greater and is further characterized in that it has an available chlorine content of 66.4%, is soluble in distilled water at 25 C. to an extent of about 2.5% by weight; the pH of a saturated aqueous solution thereof being about 4.3. The above-described compound as prepared in accordance with this invention usually has an available chlorine content in the range of 66% and 67% and decomposes without melting in the range of 260275 C. Crystals of this compound exhibit a distinct elemental analysis, which is described in Table I immediately following Example III. For conveniencein description the above-described compound will be designated hereafter either as Compound I or as [(rnono-trichloro) tetra(monopotassium dichlor-o) ]penta-iso:cyanurate.

X-ray diffraction analysis of Compound I shows a unique X-ray diffraction pattern distinct from the X-ray diffraction patterns of trichloroisocyanuric acid, mono- :potassium dichloroisocyanurate, or monohydrogen dichloroisocyanuric acid (also known as dichl-oroisocyanuric acid). The X-ray diffraction pattern of Compound I is shown in Table II, which follows Example III.

The infrared absorption spectrum of Compound I is, in part, common to the infrared absorption spectrum of trichloroisocyanuric acid and such absorption spectrum is also, in part, common to the infrared absorption spectrum of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate. The infrared absorption spectrum of Compound I substantially demonstrates that one moiety of Compound I consists of trichlorocyanuric acid and that another moiety of this novel cyanurate compound is composed of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate, that is to say, the infrared absorption spectrum of Compound I is substantially identical to a substantially uniform physical mixture of 1 mole of trichloroisocyanuric acid and 4 moles of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate.

Another new cyanurate compound of this invention is alsosan anhydrous, crystalline material but has the general formula:

and is further characterized in that it has an available chlorine content of 75.8%, is soluble in water at 25 C. to an extent of about 1.0% by weight; the pH of an aqueous saturated solution thereof being about 4.1. This compound as prepared in accordance with this invention usually has an available chlorine content of from 75% to 77% and undergoes decrepitation when heated to 170 C.215 C. and decomposes without melting in the region of 260 C.275 C. For convenience in description this compound is hereinafter designated as either Compound II or (trichloro) (monopotassium dichloro) di-isocyanurate.

Crystals of Compound II exhibit a distinct elemental analysis, which analysis is compared with the calculated theroretical elemental content in Table I, immediately following Example III.

Xray diffraction analysis of Compound II reveals a unique X-ray diffraction pattern distinct from the X-ray pattern of Compound I hereinbefore described, and also distinct from the X-ray diffraction patterns of trichloroisocyanuric acid, dichloroisocyanuric acid or monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate. This pattern is shown in Table V following Example III.

The infrared absorption spectrum of Compound II like that of Compound I is in part common to the infrared absorption spectrum of trichloroisocyanuric acid and is also in part common to the infrared absorption spectrum of monopotassium dichlorocyanurate. However, the intensity of that part of the infrared absorption spectrum which corresponds to the absorption spectrum of trichloroisocyanuric. acid is greater in the Compound II absorption spectrum than in the absorption spectrum of Compound I.

The novel compounds of the present invention may be prepared singly (in pure form) or in the form of mixtures by at least two different methods. One such method comprises bringing together and reacting monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acid in an inert liquid in a reaction zone and isolating the said compound or mixture of compounds therefrom. As will be seen hereinafter, it is possible by varying and controlling the pH of the inert liquid and the molecular ratio between monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acid to prepare either Compound I or Compound II, in pure form, or mixtures of these compounds.

This method of making the novel compounds and mixtures of the novel compounds of this invention, preferably comprises bringing together and reacting in a reaction zone, an aqueous solution containing from about 5% to about 12% by weight of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and from about 15% to about 36% by weight of trichloroisocyanuric acid dissolved in an inert organic solvent such as acetone, methyl or ethyl alcohol or the like wherein 15%-36%, more. preferably 20-25%, by weight of said, solution is composed of trichloroisocyanuric acid.

When it is desired to prepare Compound I only, the amount and concentration of the solutions of monopotassium dichlorocyanurate and trichlorocyanuric acid in the reaction zone should be such that the molecular ratio of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate to trichloroisocyanuric acid is in excess of 4 to 1 and preferably greater than 5 to 1 and more preferably between 6 to 1 and 8 to 1. Under these conditions essentially pure Compound I separates from the liquid phase of the reaction mixture as an insoluble precipitate which can be separated from the unreacted materials which remain in solution.

When it is desired to produce Compound II, it is generally preferred to bring together and react an aqeuous solution of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate containing 5%12%, more preferably 6%8% by weight of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyanuric acid dissolved in an inert organic solvent such as acetone or methyl or ethyl alcohol wherein 15%- 36%, more preferably 30%35% by weight of the solution consists of trichloroisocyanuric acid, the amounts and concentrations of such solutions in the reaction zone being preferably adjusted so that the molecular ratio of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate to trichloroisocyanuric acid is not more than 1.3 to 1 and is more desirably between 1.15 to 1 and 1.25 to 1.

It is possible to prepare various mixtures of Compounds I and II by altering the quantities and/or concentrations of the above-described solutions in such a manner as to provide a molecular ratio of monopotassium dichloroisocyanuric acid and trichloroisocyanuric acid in the range of from 3.95:1 to 1.35:1. However, it is preferred to make mixtures of Compounds I and II by bringing together an aqueous solution consisting of from 10% to 25% by weight of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and slurry containing from 15 to 60 part by weight of trichloroisocyanuric acid and from 40 to parts by weight of water; the quantities of the solution and slurry referred to being controlled to provide a molecular ratio within such range. The particular ratio used will depend on the relative amounts of Compounds I and II which may be desired in the mixture.

In all of the above reactions, which are preferably carried out at a temperature within the range of 5 C.50 C., a precipitate forms (usually as white, fine, particulate crystals) which can be separated from the; bulk of the liquid phase of the reaction mixture by filtration, centrifugation and the like. The precipitate is then preferably dried, although it may be used directly in the wet state. This precipitate is, of course, Compound 1, Compound II or mixtures thereof, depending on the, ratio of reactants, etc. as described above. If the product is desired to contain Compound I, Compound II or mixtures thereof, which are free of impurities occasioned by the reaction, the reaction product can be washed with Water prior to drying to remove such impurities.

The above-described process can be carried out either as a batch process or as a continuous process but it is preferred to use a continuous process since the latter is more economical.

In another embodiment of this invention, still another method for preparing the above-described compounds or their mixtures may be used and such method, in general, comprises continuously introducing chlorine and an aqueous solution of tripotassium cyanurate into a reaction zone containing an aqueous slurry of either of the above-described novel compounds or a mixture of said compounds. Either compound or mixtures of both compounds can be prepared by varying and controlling the rate at which the chlorine is introduced into the reaction zone, said rate being controlled to maintain a pH of below about 6.0 and preferably not lessthan 2.1, thereby forming additional quantities of aqueous slurry of the novel compound or mixture of compounds in the reaction zone and continuously removing a portion of said aqueous slurry from said reaction zone. Such novel compound or mixture of compounds can then be separated from the bulk of the aqueous phase of the slurry thus removed.

In accordance with this process of the present invention an aqueous slurry of said Compounds I or II or mixtures thereof is introduced into a reaction zone. Such slurry may be prepared, for example, by the first process herein described. Chlorine and an aqueous solution of tripotassium cyanurate are then introduced continuously into such slurry in the reaction zone. The chlorine can be COIltll'llh ously introduced in such slurry as a liquid or a gas but is preferably present as a gas or in a partially gaseous state. The chlorine is continuously dispersed through the aqueous slurry and newly introduced tripotassium cyanurate in the slurry, preferably by mechanical dispersing means such as a continuous high shear mixing or agitation, to maintain the solution at a pH at any given level in the range of less than pH 6.0 to about pH 2.1, depending upon whether Compound 1, mixtures of Compounds I and II or Compound II is to be made. The particular pH is maintained by adjusting the concentration of the cyanurate solution and the rate at which the chlorine is dispersed into such aqueous slurry in the reaction zone.

During the admixture of the chlorine and the cyanurate solution in the aqueous slurry, the resulting reaction mixture is continously maintained at a temperature of from 0 C.50 (3., preferably about 25 C. C. The temperature used may be below 25 C. but there is no advantage and some loss of yield may be experienced at these temperatures due to incomplete chlorination. Although temperatures of 35 C.50 C. can be used there is also a loss of yield at temperatures above 35 C. and it is desirable to maintain the temperature of the aqueous slurry between 25 0-35 C. and preferably between 28 C.-32 C. for optimum yields. Temperatures above 50 C. should be avoided due to excessive yield losses and decomposition of the triazine ring of the cyanurate.

Under the desirable conditions of temperature and pH, a substantially complete reaction takes place and there is thus formed additional quantities of slurry at a specified pH, which pH is within the range of 6.0 to 2.1 as described above. This slurry comprises a slurry of Compound I suspended in the liquid reaction product where the pH has been held within the range of about 6.04.3. Mixtures of Compound I and Compound II are produced when the pH of the slurry during the introduction of chlorine and tripotassium cyanurate is within the range of about 3.5-4.2. Compound II is formed when the pH of the slurry is held during the chlorination procedure at a pH within the range of about 2.1-3.4. The above slurries are substantially insoluble in the aqueous medium, which medium is substantially an aqueous solution of potassium chloride, which solution has the pH values referred to above.

If the pH in the reaction zone is generally permitted to remain above 6.0, monopotassium dichloroiscyanurate or a mixture of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and Compound I may be formed. On the other hand, it is usually difficult to obtain a pH below 2.1, because of a reaction zone, is next separated from the bulk of the aque-' ous medium with which it is associated in the aqueous slurry, by filtration, decantation, centrifugation or the like and may be dried or used, in certain applications, in the wet or undried state. However, if the product is desired with a low or zero KCl content, it is first preferably washed with water to remove the potassium chloride contained therein and is then dried (if a dry product is desired) to provide a dry or substantially dry solid product containing from 04%, preferably below 1.5%, by weight of moisture.

It has also been found that pure Compound I may be particularly and exclusively prepared in pure form by introducing an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid into a reaction zone containing an aqueous solution of monopotassium dichlorocyanurate, the rate'at which said acid is introduced in said zone being a rate sufiicient to maintain a pH within the range of pH 4.65.0 and preferably pH 4.8.

In accordance with this process of the present invention, an aqueous solution containing from about 5%9%, preferably 9% by weight, of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate is continuously introduced into a reaction zone simultaneously with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid containing from about 5%-15%, preferably 10% by weight of HCl.' The solutions are introduced and subjected to mixing at rates sufficient to provide and maintain a pH within the range of 4.6-5.0 preferably a pH of 4.8. Compound I forms almost immediately as a fine white crystalline precipitate. This precipitate can be allowed to settle to the bottom of the reaction mixture and, in any event, can be separated from the bulk of the reaction mass by decantation, centrifugation, filtration and the like. The resulting Compound I can then be dried. However, it is preferable to remove reaction impurities by washing the compound with water prior to use or prior to the drying step.

The above reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature within the range of 5 C.-50 C. This process can be practiced either as a batch or as a continuous process, but it is preferred to use a continuous process since the latter'is more economical.

A further understanding of the products, compositions and processes of the present invention will be obtained from the following specific examples which are intended to illustrate this invention but not to limit the scope thereof.

Example 1.[(M0no-triclzl0ro) tetra-(monopotassium dichI0r0)] penta-isocyanurate 0r Compound 1 Sixteen grams of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate were dissolved in 194 grams of water and placed in a 300 ml. Pyrex beaker. To this solution was added 2.0 grams of trichloroisocyanuric acid dissolved in 8.0 ml. of acetone and the resulting mixture, which mixture had a pH of about 4.9, was stirred at about 300 rpm. with a standard electric stirrer for about ten minutes. A white precipitate, which formed almost immediately, was removed by filter paper filtration in a Biichner funnel. The precipitate, in the form of a filter cake, was successively washed three times with three milliliter increments of water and was aspirated for 5 minutes to remove as much moisture as possible. The filtrate which consisted essentially of water, acetone, and monopotassium dichlorocyanurate was discarded. The filter cake was then dried to constant weight in an oven set at C.

A white dry crystalline solid weighing 4.94 grams was obtained. An elemental analysis of the crystalline compound is given in Table I which follows Example III.

X-ray diffraction patterns were obtained using the instrument and method described in Phillips Technical Reviews, volume 10, page 1, published in 1948. X-ray diffraction analysis of the above-described white crystalline solid showed a diffraction pattern which was unique and distinct from diffraction patterns shown by either trichloroisocyanuric acid or monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate. A typical diffraction pattern for this novel compound [(mono-trichloro) tetra-(monopotassium dichloro)] penta-isocyanurate, is shown in Table II following Example III.

The infrared absorption spectrum of the above-described crystalline solid was determined by use of a BeckmanIR-4 Infrared Spectrophotometer according to the method of Stimson et al. in the Journal of the American 7 Chemical Society, Volume 74, page 1805 (1952), and will be discussed in greater detail at the end of Example III.

Example II (M ono-trichloro) tetra-(monopotassium dichloro) penta-isocyanurate 01' Compound I Sixteen grams of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate were dissolved in 194 grams of water in a 500 ml. Erlemeyer flask. The resulting 210 grams of solution had a pH of 6.8. To this solution was added a 10% by weight solution of hydrochloric acid in an amount sufiicient to lower the pH from 6.8 to 4.8. As the 10% hydrochloric acid solution was added a fine white crystalline precipitate formed in the solution and settled in the bottom of the Erlemeyer flask. The crystalline material was filtered, washed and dried to constant weight at 100 C. as in Example I. The filtrate which contained a mixture of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and dichloroisocyanuric acid was discarded.

The yield of white crystalline material was 1.6 grams. An elemental analysis of the crystalline compound is shown in Table I, following Example III.

X-ray diffraction analyses of the above-described material were obtained as in Example I and the typical diffraction pattern is shown in Table II following Example III.

The infrared absorption spectrum of the above-described crystalline material was determined as in Example I and is discussed after Example III.

Example III.[(Mono-trichloro) tetra-(monopotassium dichlr0)] penta-z'socyanm'ate or Compound I Approximately 900 ml. of an aqueous slurry having a pH of about 4.5 and containing about 10% by weight of Compound I, prepared according to the method of Example I, was charged to a chlorination vessel, which vessel comprised a jacketed cylindrical glass container having an internal diameter of inches and an internal height of 13 inches which container was supplied with three equidistantly spaced vertical bafiles of 1 inch width,

' spaced radially inward 1- inch from the inside'wall of the container. The total capacity of the container was. about 3.5 liters of solution. Agitation was provided by a shaft mounted coincident with the vertical axis of the container and provided with a six bladed turbine propeller of 2 inch diameter spaced 2 inches above the inside of the bottom of the container and a second six bladed turbined propeller of 2 inch diameter spaced 5 inches above the first mentioned propeller. The shaft and propellers were rotated at 2300 revolutions per minute or a propeller tip speed of 1200 feet per minute. The container was also provided with a tube for introducing aqueous tripotassium cyanurate into the bottom of the container beneath the lowest propeller.

The container was also provided with an outlet tube extending vertically downward into the container a distance of inches from the bottom of the container for the removal of reaction products. At such distance the top surface of the 900 ml. of slurry was in contact with the outlet tube and enabled the maintainment of a constant volume of 900 ml.

Four hundred seventyfive grams of potassium hydroxide was dissolved in 4.2 liters of water and the resulting product mixed with 460 grams of cyanuric acid to form an aqueous solution of tripotassium cyan-urate. The amount of potassium hydroxide employed was about 0.14 mol in excess of that required to form tripotassium cyanurate and the pH of the cyanurate solution was about 13.7. The resulting solution was filtered and cooled to a temperature of 10 C. This solution of tripotassium cyanurate was then introduced continuously into the aqueous slurry in the container, with agitation, atthe speed described above, and concurrently, gaseous chlorine was introduced into the aqueous slurry inan amount and rate sufi'icient to maintain the pH at 4.5 and to maintain a Constant temperature of 29 C. The volume of the aqueous slurry in the container was maintained constant at 900 ml. by continually pumping a portion of the aqueous slurry, which contained a portion of Compound I, from the vessel through the removal tube. The rate of pumping was a rate sufficient to permit the chlorination of 40 ml. of the slurry per minute while maintaining the volume constant at 900 ml. and the resulting chlorinated slurry, which contained Compound I, was collected in a glass carboy. The continuous chlorination reaction was continued for 1 hour or until 3300 ml. of the liquid slurry had been chlorinated. The collected chlorinated slurry (300 ml.) was then filtered through filter paper on a Biichner funnel; the resulting filter cake washed three times with 20 ml. increments of distilled water and dried to constant weight in an oven set at 100 C. The product consisted of 330 grams of a white crystalline material with a buff colored tinge which quantity amounted to a product yield of based on the cyanuric acid employed. This product was found to contain 66.8% of available chlorine. A typical elemental analysis of the crystalline compound is shown in Table I below.

X-ray diffraction patterns of the above-described compound were obtained as described in Example I, a typical pattern being included in Table II. The infrared absorption spectrum of this compound was determined as in Example I and will be discussed below.

The three compounds prepared in Examples I, II and III had identical solubilities in water, that is to say each was soluble to the extent of about 2.5% by weight in distilled water at a temperature of about 25 C. and the pH of each of the saturated solutions of these compounds in water was 4.3. Each of the three compounds decomposed without melting in identical ranges of. 260275 C.

Elemental analyses of the above-described compounds showed that these compounds were substantially identical with respect to carbon, nitrogen, chlorine and potassium content and were in conformance with amounts theoretically calculated for such elements from the hereinbefore referred to formula of Compound I, as shown in the following table.

TABLE I.ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF COMPOUND I Found Calculated Element Theoretical (Percent) Exam- Exam- Exampic I ple II ple III (Percent) (Percent) (Percent) 15. 29 15. 4O 15. 27 15. 24 17. 84 17. 96 17. 18. 03 33. 19 33.15 33. 14 32. 92 Potassium 13. 29 13. 35 14. 00 13. 36

Angle (29) Interplanar Relative Spacing Intensity The available chlorine content af each of the compounds of the above examples were essentially the same and also essentially the same as the theoretically calculated available chlorine content as shown in the followingtable.

TABLE III.AVAILABLE onnonixn-coiirouxb I Compound: Available chlorine (percent) Theoretical (calculated) 66.38 Example I 66.28 Example II 66.30 Example III 66.28

The infrared absorption spectra of the three compounds prepared as described above were substantially alike and essentially the same as the infrared absorption spectrum of a physical admixture of 20% by weight of dry trichloroisocyanuric acid and 80% by weight of. dry monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate demonstrating that each of the above new compounds is composed of two moieties, one containing trichloroisocyanuric acid and one containing monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate in a molecular ratio of 1:4.

Although prepared by distinctly different processes the compounds of Examples I through III have been identified as being chemically identical and conform to the material hereinbefore designated as Compound I. The above-described amounts of precursor compounds which were consumed (that is, tripot-assium cyanurate, chlorine, hydrochloric acid and trichloroisocyanuric acid) in the synthesis of the respective compounds of Examples I through III, the identity of the elemental analyses, the available chlorine content, X-ray diffraction patterns, and infrared absorption spectra, made it evident that these products were a single, novel, complex compound having 2 moieties, the one moiety consisting of 4 molecular proportions of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and the other moiety consisting of 1 molecular roportion of trichloroisocyanuric acid.

Example IV.(Mn0-trichl0ro) (monopotassimn dichloro)di-z'socyanm'ate or Compound II Twelve and eight-tenths grams of monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate was dissolved in 187.2 grams of water, placed in a 300 ml. beaker and the resulting product mixed with 10 grams of trichloroisocyanuric acid dissolved in 35 ml. of acetone. The resulting mixture which had a pH of 2.8 was stirred at 300 r.p.m. with a standard electric stirrer for about 5 minutes. A white precipitate, which formed almostimmediately, was removed by filter paper filtration in a Biichner funnel. The precipitate, in the form of a filter cake, was successively washed three times with three milliliter increments of water, and was aspirated for 5 minutes to remove as much moisture as possible. The filtrate was discarded. The filter cake was dried to constant weight in an oven set at 100 C.

' A white dry crystalline solid weighing 14.96 grams was obtained, the elemental analyses of which is shown in Table IV, immediately following Example V.

X-ray diffraction analysis showed a diffraction pattern which was unique and distinct from the patterns of the materials of Examples 1' through III (Compound I), monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate, and trichloroisocyanuric acid. The principal angles and lines of the X-ray diffraction pattern of the second new material (Compound II) are shown in Table V following Example V.

Example V.(M0n0-trichl0r0) (monopotassium dichloro)di-isocyanurate or Compound II An aqueous slurry of Compound II prepared as described in Example IV was placed in the chlorination vessel described in Example III. Tripotassium cyanurate and gaseous chlorine were simultaneously introduced into this slurry of Compound II in the chlorination vessel, otherwise using the procedure of Example III except that the rate at which the chlorine gas was introduced into the reaction vessel was increased to maintain a pH of 3.4 during the chlorination, during Which 3000 grams of an aqueous solution containing 13.2% by weight of tripotassium cyanurate was chlorinated in the presence of the t0 slurry of Compound II. The slurry was removed from the reaction vessel, washed and dried as in Example III and a yield of 345 grams of a white crystalline solid was obtained.

Another portion of aqueous slurry of Compound II, prepared as described in Example IV, was placed in the chlorination vessel and the above-described procedure was repeated except that the rate at which the chlorine gas was introduced into the reaction vessel was increased to maintain a pH of 2.8 duringthe chlorination procedure which was otherwise the same as the procedure described above. At the end of the process, 347 grams of a white crystalline solid was obtained.

The two materials were identical in appearance and properties and were substantially the same as the material obtained in Example IV. Elemental analyses were run on each material and are shown in Table IV. X-ray diffraction patterns of the two materials were obtained as in Example I, a typical pattern being included in Table V.

Infrared absorption spectra of the above-described crystalline materials, obtained as in Example I, will be described in detail hereinafter.

The compoundsprepared in Examples IV and V had identical solubilities in water and decomposed without melting at a temperature range of between 260275 C. (Table VII). During the melting point determinations, each of the compounds underwent a decrepitation reaction over a temperature range of between C.215 C.

The pH of 1% by weight aqueous solution of each of the compounds of Examples IV and V was pH 4.1 at 25 C. and such 1% aqueous solutions represented. the identical solubility limit of each of these compounds.

Elemental analyses of the above-described compounds showed these compounds to be different from the compounds of Examples I-III. The compounds of Examples IV and V, however, are substantially the same with respect to carbon, nitrogen, chlorine, and potassium content and are in conformance with those amounts theoretically calculated for the formula (hereinbefore referred to) of Compound II as indicated in the following table:

TABLE IV.ELEMENTAL ANALYSES OF COMPOUND II alike. A typical X-ray diffraction pattern of the compounds of the above examples showing the principal angles and lines is as follows.

TABLE V.TYPICAL X-RAY DIFFRAoTroN} ANALYSES- COMPOUND II [Includes only relative intensities greater than 10%] Angle 20 Interplanar Spacing Relative Intensity The available chlorine content of each of the above compounds of Examples 1V and V was substantially identical and also in conformance with the theoretical available chlorine content as shown in the following table.

TABLE VI.-AVAILABLE CHLORINECOMPOUND II 12 terial is obtained which was identified as monohydrogen dichloroisocyanuric acid (also known as dichloroisocyanuric acid).

Monosodiuin dichloroisocyanurate, acidified with hydIOCl'llOllC acid under the conditions of Example II also compoundi' Avallable Chlorlne (p roduces dichloroisocyanuricacid. On the other hand Theoretlcal (calculated) 75-75 when monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate is acidified (as Example 1V 7500 described in Example II) the new potassium-containing Example V P 75-00 complex cyanurate, Compound I, is formed.

Exam!1g V PH 75-49 When monosodium dichloroisocyanurate is substituted The i f d absorption Spectra f the three compounds for monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and reacted with prepared as described above were substantially alike and approxlmfielyjequal K191691112" PYOPOYUOUS of trichloroessentially the same as the infrared absorption spectrum lsocyanurlf acld 9 to the P F of P of a substantially uniform physical mixture of 50% by a plodllct 1S Q d Wh ch when dried was identified as Weight f dry monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and a physical mixture of dichloroisocyanuric acid and tri- 50% by Weight of dry trichloroisocyanuric acid, demon- Y strating that each of the above new compounds is coni- W msodlum cyanurate 15 chloflnatfid 9 P 2- posed of two moieties, one containing monopotassium as m the process I Example V (Wherem '[F1P0ta51um dichloroisocyanurate and another containing trichloroiso- Fq' was Chlonnated to Pmduce the new P cyanuric acid and that the said moieties are present in a f l complex cyanufifte n H) a prclpltate molecular ratio f in these compounds. s obtained which when dried was identified as trichloro- Although prepared by'diiferent processes, the comlsocyanunc pounds of Examples IV and V are chemically identical Example V1 P,.0CesSforpreparinga mixture of and conform to the complex compound herein before de- Compounds I and H signated as Compound II. The above described amounts of precursor compounds consumed, that is, (tripotassium Three grams of trichloroisocyanuric acid were slurried cyanurate, trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorine), in in 6 ml. of distilled water and added to a 300 ml. beaker the synthesis of the compounds of Examples IV and V; containing 135 grams of an aqueous solution containing the substantially identical elemental analyses, available 6.4% by weight of monopotassiuin dichloroisocyanurate, chlorine content, X-ray diffraction patterns and infrared the resulting molecular ratio of trichloroisocyanuric acid absorption spectra, make it evident that these products to monopotassium dichloi'oisocyanurate being amolecular constitute a single novel complex compound containing ratio of about 1:2. The resulting mixture was stirred two moieties, one moiety consisting of monopotassium dias in Example IV. The precipitate which formed was chloroisocyanurate and the other consisting of trichlorofiltered, washed with water, and dried to constant weight isocyanuric acid, the said moieties having a ratio of 1:1. according to the procedure of Example IV.

Although as shown heretofore both Compound I and A dry white crystalline solid weighing 6.5 grams and II can be prepared by bringing together and reacting having an available chlorine content of 71.2% was obmonopotassium dichloroisocyanurate and trichloroisocyatained. An X-ray diffraction analysis, carried out as nuric acid, Compounds I and II diifer from each other above-described, showed that the crystalline material was and are distinguishable from the aforenoted precursor 40 a mixture of Compound I and Compound II. In other compounds as is shown in Tables VII and VIII. words, the diffraction pattern showed interplanar spacings TABLE v11 Water pH of Decompo- Available Available Solubility Saturated sition Chlorine Chlorine Compound at 25 C. Solution Tempere- Content Calculated (percent) ture Range, Found (percent) "C. (percent) Compound I 2. 5 4. 3 260-275 66-67 66. 4 Compound II l 1.0 4. 1 1 260-275 75-77 75. 8 Monopotassium dichloroisocyanuratm 9. 0 6. 0 220-235 59-60 60. 08 Trichloroisocyanuric Acid 0.6 3. 0 1 225-230 8991 91. 54 Dichloroisocyanuric Acid. 0. 8 2. 7 7 230-235 -71 71. 66

l Undergoes decrepitation reaction between 170 C.-2l5 C. 2 Melts with decomposition.

TABLE VIII.ELEMENTAL ANALYSES Compound Carbon, Nitrogen, Chlorine, Potassium,

percent percent percent percent Compound I 15. 29 17. 84 33.19 13. 29 Compound II. 15. 36 17.92 37. 88 8. 34 Monopotassium Dicl'iloroisocyanurate 15. 25 17. 78 30. 07 16. 5G Trichloroisoeyanuric Acid 1 15. 48 18. 06 45. 77 Dichloroisocyanurie Acid 1 18. 18 21. 21 35.83

1 Calculated.

The discovery of the two new potassium-containing and angles common to both Compound I and II, but such cyanurate compounds which, in part, constitute this inpattern in no way resembled-the diffraction pattern of vention was totally unexpected in view of the reactions trichloroisocyanuric acid or dichloroisocyanuric acid or which occur when trisodium cyanurate or monosodium monopotassium trichloroisocyanurate. dichloroisocyanurate are substituted for tripotassium 70 When monosodium dichloroisocyanurate was substicyanurate and for monopotas'sium dichloroisocyanurate tuted for monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate under the in the above described Examples I-V. above conditions, a physical mixture of trichloroiso- When monosodium dichloroisocyanuric acid is used incyanuric acid and monohydrogen dichloroisocyanuric stead of the monopotassium salt and reacted with triacid was formed. chloroisocyanuric acid as in Example I, an insoluble ma- Mixtures of Compounds I and II in various ratios with respect to each other can be directly prepared by Example VI to achieve products having an available chlorine content within the ranges of about 67%74% by varying the amounts of trichloroisocyanuric acid and monopotassium dichloroisocyanuric acid using the general procedure of Example VI. Mixtures of Compounds I and II can also be made using the chlorination process described in Examples III and V. When such chlorination process is used, mixtures of almost any complementing percentages of Compounds I and II can be prepared by controlling the pH at which thematerial is chlorinated. The pH should be higher than pH 3.5 and lower than pH 4.2 and any pH in this range can be readily obtained by altering the rates at which chlorine and tripotassium cyanurate are added into a reaction vessel containing a slurry of a complex potassium-containing cyanurate compound of this invention.

Thus if a mixture containing relatively large amounts of Compound I and relatively small amounts of Compound II is desired, the chlorination process should be conducted at a pH range of between 4.1 and 4.4. However, if a mixture containing small amounts of Compound I and larger amounts of Compound 11 is desired, the

' chlorination process should be carried out at a pH within the range of 3.6 and 3.9.

Although Compounds I and II and mixtures thereof can be prepared by the respective processes described above, it is preferred to prepare Compound I by the chlorination process described in Example III since this continuous process is more economical. preferred to prepare Compound II by the chlorination process described in Example V.

The two anhydrous, crystalline potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate compounds of this invention, either singly, in combination, or when combined with available chlorine containing chlorocyanurates known in the prior art, have utility as active or available chlorine containing materials, in oxidizing, sterilizing, bleaching and sanitizing formulations, such as for example, household laundry compositions, bleaches, scouring powders and sanitizing and dishwashing compositions. Such formulations may contain in addition to the available chlorine containing compounds, neutral and alkaline inorganic salts, for example, detergent builder salts; a minor proportion, usually less than of organic materials such as organic dyes to promote customer acceptance, perfumes, or other odor masking ingredients to make the chlorine odor less noticeable, and surface active agents to promote foaming, wetting, detergency and the like. However, the use of organic compounds in formulations containing high concentrations of available chlorine has been limitedin the past because the presence of even small amounts of such organic compounds promote substantial decomposition of the available chlorine compounds resulting in loss of available chlorine and subsequently a reduction in the effectiveness of the formulations.

The above-described novel compounds of the instant invention either singly or as mixtures contain high concentrations of available chlorine and possess a marked degree of stability. The stability toward loss of available chlorine of such novel compounds per se will be readily apparent from the following example.

Example VII Samples of powdered 100,+14O) crystalline monopotassium dichloroisocyanurate, monosodium dichloroisocyanurate, dichloroisocyanuric acid, trichlorocyanuric acid, Compound I and Compound II were separately placed in open wide-mouthed bottles in a humidity cabinet set at 105 F. wherein the relative humidity was 90%. After 90 hours the samples were removed to determine the amount of available chlorine that had been lost. The results are set forth in the following Table IX.

Similarly it is As indicated above the novel potassium containing chloroisocyanurate compounds of the present invention are relatively stable in the presence of neutral and alkaline inorganic compounds, particularly'inorganic salts, which are incapable of undergoing oxidation-reduction reactions with the novel compounds of this invention. Thus a wide variety of such type of inorganic compounds or salts such as alkali and/ or alkaline earth metal phosphates, silicates, carbonates, aluminates, sulfates and oxides can be used as builders or inert fillers or abrasives in conjunction with the novel compounds of this invention in oxidizing, sterilizing and bleaching formulations. Also specific alkali metal and/ or alkaline earth metal salts such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, barium, aluminum, iron and titanium salts of the foregoing acid radicals can be used in combination with the available chlorine-compounds of this invention. However, neutral to alkaline alkali metal or alkaline earth metal phosphates, silicates, carbonates, chlorides and sulfates are usually used, wherein the alkali metal is usually the sodium, potassium, or lithium salt and calcium and/or barium is usually the alkaline earth metal salt.

More specific examples of such inorganic salts are monovalent alkali metal phosphates including orthophosphates such as di and trisodi-um orthophosphate, alkali metal pyrophosphates such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate and polyphosphates such as sodium tripolyphosphate; metaphosphates such as sodium trimeta-, sodium hexametaphosphates and Grahams salts.

Examples of inorganic silicates are meta, ortho, di and tetrasilicates such as the sodium potassium and lithium calcium salts thereof and still other examples are the foregoing metal salts of carbonates, sulfates and chlorides. It is preferred, however, to use the sodium, potassium or calcium salts of the aforedescribed phosphates, silicates, carbonates, sulfates and chlorides.

The inorganic compounds used in combination with the novel potassium containing chlorocyanurate complex compounds of this invention can be either water-soluble or water insoluble, depending upon the particular purpose for which-the combination is designed. For example, the water solubl polysulphates, including pyrophosphates are often used as sequestering agents in bleaching formulations; the polyphosphates, silicates, carbonates and sulfates are often used as builders, corrosion inhibitors, diluents and the like in detergent formulations. Insoluble compounds such as dicalcium orthop hosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, titanium dioxide, silica, etc., may be used as abrasive agents as well as natural mineral abrasives such as talc, feldspar, etc., in scouring powders or other grinding or polishing formulations.

The stability with respect to available chlorine of the A novel potassium containing chloroisocyanurate complex compounds with the various inorganic compounds or salts mentioned above is illustrated by the following examples Exam p le VIII Compounds I and II, respectively, in a composition composed of equal parts of potassium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium metasilicate, sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium sulfate were placed in open jars and exposed to a temperature of 90 F. and a relative humidity of 85% for 53 hours. The amount of decomposition as indicated by available chlorine loss is shown in the following table:

TABLE X Loss of available chlorine Compound: after 53 hours (percent) Potassium dichloroisocyanurate 29.6 Sodium dichloroisocyanurate 48.7 Dichloroisocyanuric acid 93.5 Trichloroisocyanuric acid 97.0 Compound I 17.5 Compound II 39.0

As previously pointed out, the potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate complex compounds of this invention are unique in their excellent stability, with respect to available chlorine, in the presence of organic compounds.

This property is useful in permitting the incorporation of the novel chloroisocyanurate compounds of this invention in formulations containing perfume or odor masking agents such as essential oils, organic sequestering or chelating agents such as the metal salts of ethy-lenediamine tetraacetic acid; organic dyes and coloring agents such as those described in Venkataraman, Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1952; organic stain, corrosion, or tarnish inhibitors such as those described in US. Patents 2,618,603 and 3,618,615; and surface active agents such as foaming agents, detergents, emulsifiers and the like.

In this latter category there can be included the anionic surfactants, such as the sulfated and the sulfonated alkyl, aryl, and alkylaryl hydrocarbons set forth in US. Patent 2,846,398, line 54- of column 3 to line 6 of column 5. There can also be included non-ionic surfactants such as those set forth in column of US. Patent 2,846,398 and well known cationic surfactants. Other typical examples of such various categories are described in Schwartz and Perry, Surface Active Agents, Interscience Publishers, New York (1949), and Journal of American Oil Chemists Society, the subject matter of all these publications being incorporated herein by reference.

The preferred organic compounds are those which when incorporated with the novel potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate compounds of this invention in formulations containing 50% or more by weight of the aforedescribed inorganic compounds or salts do not undergo to any appreciable extent an oxidation-reduction reaction with the novel stable chloroisocyanurate compounds and mixtures thereof.

The outstanding stability of the novel compounds of this invention, when used in conjunction with organic and inorganic materials is demonstrated by the following example.

Example IX Respective mixtures of 3.0% by weight of potassium dichloroisocyanurate, sodium dichloroisocyanurate, dichloroisocyanuric acid, trichloroisocyanuric acid, Compound I, Compound II and a material containing 97.5 parts by weight of silica and 2.5 parts by weight of the condensation product of tridecyl alcohol made by an oxo process and about 9 molar proportions of ethylene oxide were placed in an open jar and maintained at a temperature of 90 F. and a relative humidity of 85% for 24 hours. The excellent stability of the compounds of the instant invention is compared With other chlorocyanurates in Table XI:

TABLE XI Loss of available chlorine Compound: after 24 hours (percent) Potassium dichloroisocyanurate 8.0 Sodium dichloroisocyanurate 10.0 Dichloroisocyanuric acid 14.5 Trichloroisocyanuric acid 16.5 Compound I 3.9 Compound II 10.0

Example X Respective mixtures of the 3.0% by weight cyanurate compounds of the. preceding examples and a composition containing 97.0% by weight of silica and 3.0% by weight of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate active) were placed in open wide-mouth bottles and exposed to a temperature of F. and a relative humidity of 85% for 53 The concentration of any of the potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate complex compounds and mixtures thereof of the present invention which may be utilized in a particular formulation will depend largely on the specific use for which the formulation is designed and usually will be in the range of 0.1 to about 98% by weight of the formulation. For example, in strong sterilizing, oxidizing, disinfecting or bleaching compositions, the compounds of this invention may comprise a predominant proportion (e.g. up to 90 or or more) of the formulation. In formulations designed for ultimate consumer use (e.g. household formulations such as laundry bleaches, scouring powders and the like) considerably smaller proportions of the novel available chlorine compounds of this invention may be used. For example in a household laundry bleach between about 5% and about 20% by weight of the instant compounds will generally be suitable; with scouring powders from about 20% to as little as 0.05% is often sufficient; with dishwashing compositions between about 1% and 10% is satisfactory.

Although the novel compositions of this invention are remarkably stable in comparison with previously known chlorine compositions containing high concentrations of available chlorine, there is still need for the exercise of some discretion in the formulations of these compounds in conjunction with organic compounds. Thus, by way of example, when the above described inorganic salts are formulated with organic compounds, it will generally be desirable to include in such formulations a dominant proportion; that is, at least 50% by weight of the total formulation of an alkaline or neutral inorganic compound or salt hereinbefore described to act as an inert diluent for the combination of organic compounds and novel available chlorine containing compound and/ or compounds of the present invention. In general it is desirable to have in such composition from about 50% to 99% of inert inorganic diluent, from about 0.05% to about 25% of the above-described organic material and from about 0.05% to about 50% of the novel compounds (singly or in combination) of this invention. For most purposes, however, preferred formulations would contain from about 89-92% of inert inorganic diluent and from about ODS-5.0% organic material and from about 0.05-10% of the novel available chlorine containing compounds of this invention.

As further illustrations of useful bleaching, cleansing and sanitizing compositions containing the novel compounds of this invention, the following typical specific formulations are set forth.

TYPICAL HOUSEHOLD LAUNDRY BLEACH Weight percent TYPICAL SANITIZING COMPOSITION Weight percent Sodium sulfate 25 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 20 Sodium tripolyphosphate 20 Sodium metasilicate 15 Compound I (may also be Compound II or mixtures of I and I I) 20 TYPICAL SCOURING POWVDER Weight percent Silica 90.0

Sodium tripolyphosphate 5.0

Soda ash 2.5

Sodium lauryl sulfate 2.2 Compound I (may also be Compound II or mixtures of I and II) 0.3

TYPICAL DISHWASHING FORMULATION [For automatic dishwasher] Weight percent Sodium tripolyphosphate 45 Sodium sulfate 2.3

Sodium metasilicate 2.3

Soda ash 8 Compound I (may also be Compound II or mixtures of I and II) 1 What is claimed is:

:1. A sterilizing, disinfecting, oxidizing and bleaching composition consisting essentially of a mixture of (a) an inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of silica and alkali metal phosphates, silicates, carbonates, sulfates, and chlorides and (b) a crystalline potassium containing chlorocyanurate complex compound selected from the group consisting of [(mono-trichloro) tetra- (monopotassium dichloro)] petite-isocyanurate, (monotrichloro) (monopatassium dichloro) di-isocyanurate, and mixtures thereof; the said potassium containing chlorocyanurate complex compound being present in an amount in the range of about 0.1% to about 98% by weight of the mixture, the said inorganic compound being further characterized as incapable of undergoing an oxidationreduction reaction with respect to said complex compound.

2. A sterilizing, disinfecting, oxidizing and bleaching composition consisting essentially of (a) a mixture of an inorganic detergent builder alkali metal phosphate and (b) [(mono-trichloro) tetra-(monopotassium dichloro)] penta-isocyanurate, said isocyanurate beingpresent in an amount in the range of about 0.1% to about 98% by weight of said mixture.

3. A sterilizing, disinfecting, oxidizing and bleaching composition consisting essentially of a mixture of an inorganic detergent builder alkali metal phosphate and (mono-trichloro) (monopotassium dichloro) di-isocyanurate, said isocyanurate being present in an amount in the range of about 0.1% to about 98% by weight of said mixture.

4. A sterilizing, disinfecting, oxidizing and bleaching composition consisting essentially of a mixture of (a) sodium tripolyphosphate, (b) [(mono-trichloro) tetra- (monopotassiurn dichloro)] penta-isocyanurate, and (c) (mono-tr ichloro) (monopotassium dichloro) di-isocyanurate, said penta-isocyanurate and said di-isocyanurate being present in a total amount in the range of about 0.1% to about 98% by weight of said mixture, the said tripolyphosphate being incapable of undergoing an oxidation-reduction reaction with respect to said isocyanurates.

5. A sterilizing, disinfecting, oxidizing, and bleaching composition consisting essentially of a mixture of (a) an organic compound selected from the group consisting of non-soap synthetic anionic surface active agents and nonsoap synthetic nonionic surface active agents; and (b) a potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate complex compound selected from the group consisting of [(monotri-chloro) tetra-(monopotassium dichloro)] penta-isocyanurate, (mono-trichloro)(monopotassium dichloro) diisocyanurate and mixtures thereof, the said potassiumcontaining chloroisocyanurate complex compound being present in an amount in the range of about 0.1% to about 98% by weight of the mixture.

6. A sterilizing, disinfecting, oxidizing and bleaching composition consisting essentially of (a) from about 50% to about 99% by weight based on the weight of the composition of an inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of silica and alkali metal phosphates, silicates, carbonates, sulfates, and chlorides, said compound being further characterized as incapable of undergoing an oxidation-reduction reaction with potassiumcontainin-g chloroisocyanurate compounds; (b) from about 0.05% to about 25% by Weight, based on the weight of the composition, of a non-soap synthetic organic detergent selected from the group consisting of non-soap synthetic anionic surface active agents and non-soap synthetic nonionic surface active agents; (c) from about 0.05% to about 50% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, of a potassium-containing chloroisocyanurate complex compound selected from the group consisting of [(mono-t-richloro) tetra-(monopotassium dichloro)] penta-isocyanurate, (mono-trichloro) (monopotassium dichloro) diisocyanurate and mixtures thereof, the total weight of (b) and (c) being less than the weight of (a).

7. A sterilizing, disinfecting, oxidizing and bleaching composition consisting essentially of (a) from about 50 to 99% of an inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of silica and alkali metal phosphates, silicates, carbonates, sulfates, and chlorides; (b) from about 0.05 to about 25% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, of a non-soap synthetic anionic surface active agent; and (c) from about 0.05 to about 50% by weight, based on the weight of the composition, of [(mono-trichloro) tetra-(monopotassium dichloro)] penta-isocyanurate, said isocyanurate and said surface active agent together being present in said composition in a total amount less than (a).

ti. A sterilizing, disinfecting, oxidizing, and bleaching composition consisting essentially of (a) about 5099% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium sulfate and sodium metasilicate; (b) about 0.05 to about 25% by weight of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; and (0) about 0.05 to about 50% by weight [(mono-trichloro) tetra-(monopotassium dichloro)] penta-isocyanurate.

9. The composition of claim 7, wherein the anionic surface active agent is a sodium alky-l benzene sulfonate wherein the alkyl radical has a straight chain containing from 10 to 16 carbon atoms.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,897,154 7/1959 Low 252-99 2,913,460 11/1959 Brown et al 252-99 XR JULIUS GREENWALD, Primary Examiner. M. WEINBLATT, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A STERILIZING, DISINFECTING, OXIDIZING AND BLEACHING COMPOSITION CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF A MIXTURE OF (A) AN INORGANIC COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SILICA AND ALKALI METAL PHOSPHATES, SILICATES, CARBONATES, SULFATES, AND CHLORIDES AND (B) A CRYSTALLINE POTASSIUM CONTAINING CHLOROCYANURATE COMPLEX COMPOUND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ((MONO-TRICHLORO) TETRA (MONOPOTASSIUM DICHLORO) PENTA-ISOCYANURATE, (MONOTRICHLORO)(MONOPATASSIUM DICHLORO) DI-ISOCYANURATE, AND MIXTURES THEREOF; THE SAID POTASSIUM CONTAINING CHLOROCYANUARTE COMPLEX COMPOUND BEING PRESNT IN AN AMOUNT IN THE RANGE OF ABOUT 0.1% TO ABOUT 98% BY WEIGHT OF THE MIXTURE, THE SAID INORGANIC COMPOUND BEING FURTHER CHARACTERIZED AS INCAPABLE OF UNDERGOING AN OXIDATIONREDUCTION REACTION WITH RESPECT TO SAID COMPLEX COMPOUND. 